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124 lines
6.9 KiB
124 lines
6.9 KiB
1 year ago
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title = 'Problems with apt-keys on my hotspots'
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summary = '''For some reasons apt wasn't able to verify the repositories
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signing keys on my Raspberry-Pi based hotspots and this is how I fixed it.'''
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date = '2023-08-05T08:36:38+02:00'
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lastmod = '2023-08-05T07:35:46+0000'
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categories = [ 'amateur-radio' ]
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tags = [ 'hotspot', 'pistar', 'raspberry-pi' ]
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+++
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It is about a few times a year when something is broken on a linux system. Today (actually yesterday
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but I couldn't stay up much longer and I was already fed up with this sh\*\*) I upgraded my two
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raspberry-pi based hotspots and realized when apt couldn't verify the repositories signing keys
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because of missing keys.
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This happens usually on *any linux distribution* at least *once a year*.
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So it shouldn't be a big deal but it consumes time and I usually have to look into manpages and/or
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online help again because I already forgot how I fixed it the last time...
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Today, I write it down below.
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## What the error looks like
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When running `sudo apt update`:
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```console
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$ sudo apt update
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Get:1 http://httpredir.debian.org/debian bullseye-backports InRelease [49,0 kB]
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Get:2 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security InRelease [48,4 kB]
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Get:3 http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-updates InRelease [44,1 kB]
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Hit:4 http://archive.raspberrypi.org/debian bullseye InRelease
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Get:5 http://raspbian.raspberrypi.org/raspbian bullseye InRelease [15,0 kB]
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Err:1 http://httpredir.debian.org/debian bullseye-backports InRelease
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The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 0E98404D386FA1D9 NO_PUBKEY 6ED0E7B82643E131
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Err:2 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security InRelease
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The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 112695A0E562B32A NO_PUBKEY 54404762BBB6E853
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Err:3 http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-updates InRelease
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The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 0E98404D386FA1D9 NO_PUBKEY 6ED0E7B82643E131
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Reading package lists... Done
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W: GPG error: http://httpredir.debian.org/debian bullseye-backports InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 0E98404D386FA1D9 NO_PUBKEY 6ED0E7B82643E131
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E: The repository 'http://httpredir.debian.org/debian bullseye-backports InRelease' is not signed.
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N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
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N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
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W: GPG error: http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 112695A0E562B32A NO_PUBKEY 54404762BBB6E853
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E: The repository 'http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security InRelease' is not signed.
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N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
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N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
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W: GPG error: http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-updates InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 0E98404D386FA1D9 NO_PUBKEY 6ED0E7B82643E131
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E: The repository 'http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-updates InRelease' is not signed.
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N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
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N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
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```
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## Obtain the keys
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```console
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$ gpg --keyserver hkps://keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 0E98404D386FA1D9 6ED0E7B82643E131 112695A0E562B32A 54404762BBB6E853
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gpg: keybox '/home/pi-star/.gnupg/pubring.kbx' created
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gpg: /home/pi-star/.gnupg/trustdb.gpg: trustdb created
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gpg: key A48449044AAD5C5D: public key "Debian Security Archive Automatic Signing Key (11/bullseye) <ftpmaster@debian.org>" imported
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gpg: key 4DFAB270CAA96DFA: public key "Debian Security Archive Automatic Signing Key (10/buster) <ftpmaster@debian.org>" imported
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gpg: key B7C5D7D6350947F8: public key "Debian Archive Automatic Signing Key (12/bookworm) <ftpmaster@debian.org>" imported
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gpg: key 73A4F27B8DD47936: public key "Debian Archive Automatic Signing Key (11/bullseye) <ftpmaster@debian.org>" imported
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gpg: Total number processed: 4
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gpg: imported: 4
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```
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## Import the keys
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This still works, though, there is a [better method](https://stackoverflow.com/a/71384057)
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for future encounters.
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```console
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$ gpg -a --export 0E98404D386FA1D9 6ED0E7B82643E131 112695A0E562B32A 54404762BBB6E853 | sudo apt-key add -
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Warning: apt-key is deprecated. Manage keyring files in trusted.gpg.d instead (see apt-key(8)).
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OK
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```
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## The resulting update process
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```console
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$ sudo apt update
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Get:1 http://httpredir.debian.org/debian bullseye-backports InRelease [49,0 kB]
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Hit:2 http://raspbian.raspberrypi.org/raspbian bullseye InRelease
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Get:3 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security InRelease [48,4 kB]
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Get:4 http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-updates InRelease [44,1 kB]
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Hit:5 http://archive.raspberrypi.org/debian bullseye InRelease
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Get:6 http://httpredir.debian.org/debian bullseye-backports/main armhf Packages [415 kB]
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Get:7 http://httpredir.debian.org/debian bullseye-backports/main Translation-en [353 kB]
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Get:8 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main armhf Packages [248 kB]
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Get:9 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main Translation-en [164 kB]
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Get:10 http://httpredir.debian.org/debian bullseye-backports/contrib armhf Packages [4.680 B]
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Get:11 http://httpredir.debian.org/debian bullseye-backports/contrib Translation-en [5.984 B]
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Get:12 http://httpredir.debian.org/debian bullseye-backports/non-free armhf Packages [9.072 B]
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Get:13 http://httpredir.debian.org/debian bullseye-backports/non-free Translation-en [27,7 kB]
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Get:14 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/non-free Translation-en [464 B]
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Get:15 http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-updates/main armhf Packages [14,7 kB]
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Get:16 http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-updates/main Translation-en [9.964 B]
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Fetched 1.253 kB in 4s (282 kB/s)
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Reading package lists... Done
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Building dependency tree... Done
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Reading state information... Done
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All packages are up to date.
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```
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## Another way (quicker) but untested
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This should also work like the above (until <abbr title="End of life">EOL</abbr> of `apt-key`).
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```console
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$ apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://p80.pool.sks-keyservers.net:80 --recv-keys 0E98404D386FA1D9 6ED0E7B82643E131 112695A0E562B32A 54404762BBB6E853
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```
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## Final words
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I got that feeling: the next time I'd need this, `apt-key` will not work and got fully replaced
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by signing keys in <kbd>/etc/apt/keyrings</kbd>...
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Inspired by this post: <https://superuser.com/a/1485255>
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As the default keyserver strips user-ids they cannot imported without
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the `--keyserver` switch.
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