You can not select more than 25 topics
Topics must start with a letter or number, can include dashes ('-') and can be up to 35 characters long.
122 lines
2.9 KiB
122 lines
2.9 KiB
---
|
|
title: Operating the Z-Shell
|
|
aliases:
|
|
- /posts/2020-11-15-operating-the-z-shell
|
|
- /posts/2020-11-14-operating-the-z-shell
|
|
categories: [computerstuff]
|
|
tags: [zsh]
|
|
date: 2020-11-15T00:35:22+01:00
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
This article is a summary of
|
|
[reasoniamhere.com/.../outrageously-useful-tips-to-master-your-z-shell/][1].
|
|
The original article is from 2014 and the pages last entry is from 2015. In case
|
|
the website goes down I want the important bits saved for my reading and learning
|
|
pleasure :wink:
|
|
|
|
<!--more-->
|
|
|
|
{{< alert circle-info >}}
|
|
*None of the following commands on this page are my own.*
|
|
{{< /alert >}}
|
|
|
|
[1]: https://reasoniamhere.com/2014/01/11/outrageously-useful-tips-to-master-your-z-shell/
|
|
|
|
## File picking
|
|
|
|
```zsh
|
|
# list every file directly below the Sites folder
|
|
ls Sites
|
|
|
|
# list every file in the folders directly below the Sites folder
|
|
ls Sites/*
|
|
|
|
# list every file in every folder two levels below the Sites folder
|
|
ls Sites/*/*
|
|
|
|
# list every file anywhere below the Sites folder
|
|
ls Sites/**/*
|
|
|
|
# list every file that ends in .txt in every folder at any level below the Sites folder
|
|
ls Sites/**/*.txt
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## Glob operators
|
|
|
|
```zsh
|
|
# list text files that end in a number from 1 to 10
|
|
ls -l Sites/**/*<1-10>.txt
|
|
|
|
# list text files that start with the letter a
|
|
ls -l Sites/**/[a]*.txt
|
|
|
|
# list text files that start with either ab or bc
|
|
ls -l Sites/**/(ab|bc)*.txt
|
|
|
|
# list text files that don't start with a lower or uppercase c
|
|
ls -l Sites/**/[^cC]*.txt
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## Glob qualifiers
|
|
|
|
```zsh
|
|
# show only directories
|
|
print -l Sites/**/*(/)
|
|
|
|
# show only regular files
|
|
print -l Sites/**/*(.)
|
|
|
|
# show empty files
|
|
ls -l Sites/**/*(L0)
|
|
|
|
# show files greater than 3 KB
|
|
ls -l Sites/**/*(Lk+3)
|
|
|
|
# show files modified in the last hour
|
|
print -l Sites/**/*(mh-1)
|
|
|
|
# sort files from most to least recently modified and show the last 3
|
|
ls -l Sites/**/*(om[1,3])
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
```zsh
|
|
ls -l Sites/**/*(.Lm-2mh-1om[1,3])
|
|
# you won't typically write at this level of obfuscation
|
|
|
|
ls -l Sites/**/*(. Lm-2 mh-1 om [1,3])
|
|
# this is more parseable, but unfortunately Zsh doesn't allow spaces
|
|
# between qualifiers, so you'll get an error
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
[Read more](http://zsh.sourceforge.net/Doc/Release/Expansion.html#Filename-Generation)
|
|
in section 14.8.7 of the manual.
|
|
|
|
## Modifiers
|
|
|
|
Modifiers are preceded with a colon (`:`).
|
|
|
|
```zsh
|
|
# A plain old glob
|
|
print -l Sites/website/images/gif/*.txt
|
|
|
|
# Return the file name (t stands for tail)
|
|
print -l Sites/website/images/gif/*.txt(:t)
|
|
|
|
# Return the file name without the extension (r stands for remove_extension, I think)
|
|
print -l Sites/website/images/gif/*.txt(:t:r)
|
|
|
|
# Return the extension
|
|
print -l Sites/website/images/gif/*.txt(:e)
|
|
|
|
# Return the parent folder of the file (h stands for head)
|
|
print -l Sites/website/images/gif/*.txt(:h)
|
|
|
|
# Return the parent folder of the parent
|
|
print -l Sites/website/images/gif/*.txt(:h:h)
|
|
|
|
# Return the parent folder of the first file
|
|
print -l Sites/website/images/gif/*.txt([1]:h)
|
|
# Remember you can combine qualifiers and modifiers.
|
|
```
|