updating nmap cheatsheet

nmap-cheatsheet.md

@@ -2,81 +2,118 @@
 ```markdown
 # NMAP Cheat Sheet 🛠️👨‍💻
 
+A comprehensive guide to using Nmap for network scanning.
+
 ## Table of Contents
 
-1. [Ping Scanning](#ping-scanning)
+1. [Introduction](#introduction)
-2. [ARP Scanning](#arp-scanning)
+2. [Ping Scanning](#ping-scanning)
-3. [SYN Scanning](#syn-scanning)
+3. [ARP Scanning](#arp-scanning)
-4. [UDP Scanning](#udp-scanning)
+4. [SYN Scanning](#syn-scanning)
-5. [Useful Nmap Switches](#useful-nmap-switches)
+5. [UDP Scanning](#udp-scanning)
-6. [Identifying OS and Applications](#identifying-os-and-applications)
+6. [Useful Nmap Switches](#useful-nmap-switches)
-7. [Nmap Scripts](#nmap-scripts)
+7. [Identifying OS and Applications](#identifying-os-and-applications)
-8. [Batch Scripts](#batch-scripts)
+8. [Nmap Scripts](#nmap-scripts)
+9. [Batch Scripts](#batch-scripts)
+
+---
+
+### Introduction 📖
+
+Nmap ("Network Mapper") is an open-source tool for network exploration and security auditing. It was designed to rapidly scan large networks, but it also works well against single hosts.
 
 ---
 
 ### Ping Scanning 🏓
 
+Ping scans are used for checking if the target is alive and responds to ICMP packets.
+
 ```bash
 nmap -sn 192.168.10.1
 nmap -sP 192.168.10.2
 ```
 
+---
+
 ### ARP Scanning 🌐
 
+ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) scans are particularly effective in LAN environments. It is non-intrusive and fast.
+
 ```bash
 nmap -sP -PR 192.168.10.1
 ```
 > **Tip**: Press the spacebar to show the current progression of the scan.
 
+---
+
 ### SYN Scanning 🚀
 
+Also known as half-open scanning, SYN scans are less likely to be detected compared to full TCP connection scans but still effective for port identification.
+
 ```bash
 nmap -sS 192.168.10.1
 ```
 
+---
+
 ### UDP Scanning 🚁
 
+UDP scans are used for identifying open UDP ports. Note that UDP scans are generally slower than TCP scans.
+
 ```bash
 nmap -sU 192.168.10.1
 ```
 
+---
+
 ### Useful Nmap Switches 🎛️
 
-- `-h` help
+Here are some Nmap switches for various purposes:
-- `-v` verbose
+
-- `-vv` very verbose
+- `-h`: Display help menu
-- `-n` no DNS reverse lookup
+- `-v`: Verbose output
-- `-T` sets the speed of the scan (`-T5` being the fastest, `-T0` the slowest)
+- `-vv`: Very verbose output
-- `-p 80` specific port
+- `-n`: No DNS resolution
-- `-p 1-10` range of ports
+- `-T`: Timing options (0-5)
-- `-p-` all ports
+- `-p`: Specify port or port range
-- `-o` to output a file
+- `-o`: Output scan to file
+
+---
 
 ### Identifying OS and Applications 🖥️
 
-- `-sV` enable version detection
+Identifying the operating system and applications running on a network can provide valuable information during an assessment.
-- `-O` enables OS detection
+
-- `-A` enables OS detection, Version detection, Script scanning, and traceroute
+- `-sV`: Version detection
-- `--osscan-guess` Aggressive OS guessing
+- `-O`: OS detection
+- `-A`: Advanced scan options
+- `--osscan-guess`: More aggressive OS guessing
+
+---
 
 ### Nmap Scripts 📜
 
+Nmap has a powerful scripting engine that can perform a wide range of tasks.
+
 **Syntax**: `nmap —script scriptname targetIP`
 
 ```bash
 nmap —script http-headers 192.168.10.1
 nmap —script smtp-commands 192.168.10.1
 ```
+
 > **More Info**: [How to Use Nmap Script Engine (NSE) Scripts in Linux](https://www.tecmint.com/use-nmap-script-engine-nse-scripts-in-linux/)
 
+---
+
 ### Batch Scripts 📚
 
-**Steps**:
+Automating Nmap scans can save a lot of time. Here's how you can create your own batch script for Nmap.
 
-1. Download `neovim` or your favorite text editor.
+1. Download and install `neovim` or your favorite text editor.
-2. Create a script file: `nvim nmapScan.sh`
+2. Create a script named `nmapScan.sh`.
-3. Paste the following content:
+3. Make the script executable.
+4. Run the script.
 
 ```bash
 #!/bin/bash
@@ -84,18 +121,6 @@ nmap —script smtp-commands 192.168.10.1
 nmap -sT -p 1-10000 -v -v -T5 -sV -O --osscan-guess --script=banner -oN 192.168.10.1TCP.txt 192.168.10.1
 nmap -sU -p 1-500 -v -v --scan-delay 1s -sV --script=banner -oN 192.168.10.1UDP.txt 192.168.10.1
 ```
-
-4. Save and exit.
-5. Make the script executable:
-
-```bash
-sudo chmod +x nmapScan.sh
-```
-
-6. Run the script:
-
-```bash
-sudo ./nmapScan.sh
-```
 ```
 
+Feel free to copy this updated cheat sheet to your GitHub repository. Happy hacking! 😊👨‍💻📚